Patriotic Music: Surprising Secrets About Those Flag-Waving Sounds

Whether played by a marching band, an orchestra, orNapoleonic Wars.
a rock group, there are patriotic tunes that everyone in"Semper Fidelis," John Philip Sousa, 1889.
America finds familiar, exciting and uplifting. But howPopular ever since it was first performed, the effective
much do you know about how these songs wereand spirited tune takes its name from the U.S. Marine
created? And what do you know about the peopleCorps motto meaning "always faithful" and is
who wrote them?dedicated to the Marines.
There are some surprising facts behind all of this"America the Beautiful," Katharine Lee Bates, 1895,
glorious music.1904, 1913.
So, fire up the barbecue grill, look up at the fireworks,Originally a poem that Bates twice revised after its
and strike up the band as we reveal the secretsfirst publication in 1885, "America the Beautiful" was
behind the most influential nationalistic musical momentssung to several different melodies. The song
of all time.associated with it today is "Materna," composed by
"Star Spangled Banner," Francis Scott Key, 1814.Samuel A. Ward in 1882, but it was also often
Schoolchildren in America all learn how Key watchedperformed to the tune of "Auld Lang Syne."
the British bombardment of Fort McHenry during the"Stars and Stripes Forever," John Philip Sousa, 1896.
War of 1812 and so admired the courage of theComposed on Christmas Day, "The Stars and Stripes
beleaguered American forces that he wrote fourForever" has become the country's official march (US
stanzas of "The Star Spangled Banner" (only the firstCode, Title 36 Chapter 10). Sousa wrote lyrics to the
is usually performed). Key based the melody on ansong, but they are little known today (sample: "Let
English drinking song called "To Anacreon in Heaven."martial note in triumph float / And liberty extend its
The song has only been the national anthem sincemighty hand / A flag appears 'mid thunderous cheers, /
1931, and there was a strong movement to replace itThe banner of the Western land.)"
with one of the other songs on this list."Yankee Doodle Boy," George M. Cohan, 1904.
"America (My Country 'Tis of Thee)," Samuel F. Smith,"You're A Grand Old Flag," George M. Cohan, 1906.
1832."Over There," George M. Cohan, 1917.
The music was composed in the 1700s, sometimesKnown as "the man who owned Broadway," Cohan
attributed to Henry Cary. First popular in Great Britainwas a superstar before the term was coined. While
as "God Save the King (Queen)," the song becamehis film biography is called "Yankee Doodle Dandy," the
bi-continental in 1832. Modern audiences have beentitle of his first big tribute to America is actually "The
greatly moved by the R&B version by RayYankee Doodle Boy." Cohan excited U.S. audiences
Charles, a truly wonderful blending of emotion withagain in 1906 with "You're a Grand Old Flag," although
what musicians call "the groove."the original line was "You're a Grand Old Rag." It was
"Rally 'Round the Flag," George F. Root, 1862.America's entrance into World War I in 1917 that
Written for the Union army and its supporters duringinspired Cohan to write "Over There," for which he
the Civil War, the song was hugely popular in the North.received a congressional medal.
This didn't prevent Confederate troops from writing"God Bless America," Irving Berlin, 1938.
their own lyrics and singing the song throughout theThe prolific Berlin (900+ songs despite being unable to
South.read music) originally wrote this song right after the
"When Johnny Comes Marching Home," Louisfirst World War, but did not complete it until just before
Lambert, c. 1863.World War II. Kate Smith first performed it during her
Lambert was a pseudonym for Union Armyradio show on Armistice Day, 1938. An immediate
Bandmaster Patrick S. Gilmore. His lyrics, set to an oldsensation, the song was often suggested to replace
Irish folk song, were popular through the wholethe "Star Spangled Banner" as the national anthem.
Reconstruction Era (1865-1896). It appears in an"Star Spangled Banner," Jimi Hendrix, 1969.
extended instrumental version on the soundtrack ofThe legendary guitarist took the stage near dawn on
Stanley Kubrick's film "Dr. Strangelove."the final day of the Woodstock Music and Art Fair.
"Battle Hymn of the Republic," Julia W. Howe, 1861.The 13th song in his hour-long set was an incendiary
Howe is another lyricist who succeeded by utilizing arendition of the venerable tune. In a performance that
pre-existing piece of music, in this case a campwas somehow savage and grand at the same time,
meeting tune of the 19th century (which also becameHendrix wrestled new levels of emotion from the song
"John Brown's Body"). The profound power of theand generations have never heard it quite the same
words combined with the compelling melody cannot beway again.
denied, and it was sung at the funerals of Winston"Apocalypse Now," Francis Ford Coppola, 1979.
Churchill, Robert Kennedy, and Ronald Reagan.The music in question is "Ride of the Valkyries," from
"Overture: 1812," Petr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, 1880.Richard Wagner's opera, "Die Walkure (1854-56). The
Patriotic music doesn't always revolve around the Julycomposition fit perfectly into director Coppola's
4th celebration, or even refer to the USA. Tchaikovskynightmarish vision of the Vietnam War. The sequence,
got Russian hearts a-pounding with his "1812 Overturefeaturing a helicopter attack at dawn, never fails to
in E Flat Major Op. 49," written to celebrate the 70thraise the emotions of viewers.
anniversary of his country's victory battle during the