Penang's Chingay Procession a Tourist Draw

The word "Chingay" has been variously translated asPesta Festival to promote tourism, which included a
meaning "the artistry of make-up and costuming", "aChingay procession. From 1970 onward, the Penang
Chinese decorated float" and "a sort of stage borneState Government took over the organising of the
on the shoulders of men, on which is a gorgeousPesta Festival and the Chingay procession remained
representation of some historical scene".the highlight of the celebration. That year, it was also
At first glance, there might appear to be considerabledecided that the festival be held on Christmas Day. In
discrepancies among these translations but they are1975, Penang Chingay Association was formally
not so very far apart, really, and as they are all derivedregistered, which contributed to the development of
from the same Chinese characters, it would seem thatthe festival. Since then, Chingay troupes from Penang
the only difference is one of interpretation. Certainly, allhave performed in several foreign countries on many
three are apt descriptions of the Chingay processionoccasions.
which takes place annually on Christmas Day onThe origins of Chingay can be traced more than 2,000
Penang island in Malaysia.years ago to the town of Lang Chung Hsien on the
The Chingay is a riotously colourful spectacle thatChia-Ling River in central Szechuan, where parades of
winds its way through the streets of Georgetown, aboth unknown as well as mythical animal figures were
UNESCO heritage city; and Malaysia, being aheld on festive occasions.
multicultural country, has combined elements of MalayThe founder of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to 220
and Indian cultures into what is basically a ChineseA.D.), in recruiting soldiers from the area for his military
affair. Traditional Chinese amusements such ascampaigns, learned of these parades and was so
big-headed dolls, stilt-walkers, acrobats and tumblersimpressed with them that eventually, he included them
alternate with pom-pom girls, Malay and Indianamong the entertainment given at the Han Emperor's
traditional dancers; all of which combined withcourt. The most spectacular of these were the "fish
decorated floats, marching bands, gaudy costumes,and dragon procession" held at the time of the lunar
and the brilliant make-up of the participants into anew year.
kaleidoscope parade to make for a shutterbug's fieldThe new year celebrations began with an early
day.morning audience by the Emperor in the main hall of
The Chingay apparently first appeared in Penang inthe palace, during which thousands of officials, vassal
1880 to celebrate the "Welcome of Spring"; in fact,kings, and other tributaries prostrated themselves
some historians claim that it was celebrated evenbefore him as an expression of allegiance. Lavish gifts
before the arrival of Francis Light, the British sailor, inwere then presented to the Emperor and imperial
1786. At that time, the main elements were giantrewards bestowed, after which, drinking, and
triangular flags and lanterns. The length of each flagmerry-making followed, while outside "fish and dragon
was about eight metres and hoisted on bamboo polesprocessions" were held.
each ranging from eight to ten metres. Each flag andMalaysia's Chingay has both an animal and people
pole weighed about 28 kilogrammes! Men with thicklycontent. The list of entertainment varies from year to
painted faces and garbed in elaborate costumesyear but there are some traditional items which are
balanced them on various parts of their anatomy suchalways present and without which Chingay would be
as the shoulders, forearm and stomach. During theincomplete: the mischievous big-headed dolls; the
pre-war years, the processions were mainly religious,stilt-walkers; the acrobats and tumbers; and the floats
such as to celebrate the birthday of a deity such aswith tableaux from Chinese operas. By way of
the Goddess of Mercy. Later years saw competingcontrast, there may be also baton twirlers, trick cyclists,
troupes from Chinese associations adding a variety ofDisney cartoon characters and even hip-hop dancers.
attractions such as floats pulled by donkeys, withThe procession may also include a Malay kompang
beautiful girls sitting atop. After World War II, thegroup, or a silat troupe. There may also be dancing
Chingay spread to Johor, the southernmost state offairies, Indian Bharata Natyam dancers, or even a
peninsula Malaysia. The processions underwent aPunjabi Bhangra. Also included may be brass and
transformation, with floats being carried on lorries, andschool bands; Chinese orchestras; displays of tai chi or
even saw the participation of decorated trishaws. Thekung fu; slapstick characters; lion dancers; flower girls;
celebrations eventually spilled over to Singapore, whichsing-song girls; representations of the twelve animal
held its first Chingay in 1972.signs that make up the Chinese zodiac, or even a
Penang's early Chingay processions were organisedfire-breathing dragon. In short, it's Chingay, and at the
informally by clan associations and Chinese temples. Inend of several exhausting hours, you will certainly be
1966, the Penang Municipal Council organised the 1stcharmed and thrilled to the hilt.